Educational information, not medical advice. See our Medical Disclaimer. Last updated: October 29, 2026.
Psoriasis is a long-term inflammatory skin condition that can cause patches of dry, itchy, sore or flaky skin. The patches may look different depending on your skin tone, and symptoms often fluctuate, with periods of improvement and flare-ups. Although psoriasis cannot currently be cured, treatments can help control symptoms and improve quality of life.
What does psoriasis look like?
Psoriasis can cause raised, scaly patches that may appear on the scalp, elbows, knees, trunk, hands, feet or skin folds. On lighter skin, patches may look pink or red with pale scales; on darker skin, they may look darker, violet or grey and can leave changes in skin colour after a flare. Nails may develop small dents, thickening or discolouration.
What causes psoriasis?
Psoriasis happens when the immune system affects the skin’s renewal process, causing skin cells to build up too quickly. Genes can contribute, and it is not something you can catch from another person. Possible flare triggers include stress, skin injury, some infections, smoking, alcohol and certain medicines. Triggers vary, so a simple symptom diary may help identify personal patterns.
Treatment options
Treatment depends on the location and severity of symptoms. A clinician may recommend moisturisers (emollients), vitamin D preparations, topical corticosteroids or scalp treatments. More extensive psoriasis may need supervised light therapy or prescription medicines that work throughout the body. Do not start, stop or share prescription treatments without professional advice.
Practical skin-care tips
- Use fragrance-free moisturisers regularly and apply them gently.
- Choose lukewarm rather than very hot showers and avoid harsh scrubbing.
- Try to recognise personal triggers, manage stress and avoid smoking.
- Follow instructions for prescribed creams, including where and how long to use them.
Emollients can make fabrics more flammable, so keep treated skin, clothing and bedding away from cigarettes, naked flames and other ignition sources.
When to seek medical advice
Speak to a GP or dermatologist if you think you have psoriasis, if treatment is not helping, or if you develop recurring joint pain, stiffness or swelling. Seek urgent medical care if your skin rapidly becomes widespread and inflamed or develops pus-filled bumps, especially with fever or feeling very unwell.
Key takeaways
Psoriasis is not contagious, and a tailored treatment plan can make symptoms easier to manage. Early assessment helps confirm the diagnosis and identify an appropriate treatment approach.
Medical disclaimer: This article is for general information and does not replace an individual assessment, diagnosis or treatment advice from a qualified healthcare professional.
Sources
Featured image: skincare cream. Photo credit: Ana Azuria via Unsplash.
Written by the nohas.es Editorial Team from the official sources listed in this article. Read our Editorial Policy and Fact Checking Policy. Found an error? Tell us.
